Rotatable-lug-bolt firearm.



P. MAUSER, DECD. F. EICHHORN, ADMINISTRATOR. ROTATABLE LUG BOLT FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 3, 1914.

ll, 180.,785. Patented Apr. 25, 1916.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

P. MAUSER, DECD. F. EICHHORN, ADMINISTRATOR. ROTATABLE LUG BOLT FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED 050. 3, IBM.

Patented Apr. 25, 1916.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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P. MAUSER, DECD. r. EICHHORN, ADMINISTRATOR.

ROTATABLE LUG BOLT FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED DEC- 3, 1914.

1, 180,785. Patented Apr. 25, 1916".

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

M u h P. MAUSER, DECD. F. EICHHORN, ADMINISTRATOR IREARM. 1,18,785. ED 0 Patented Apr. 25,1916.

6 SHEETS-SHEET a.

I 17 run TATE rar PAUL MA'USER, DECEASED, LATE FRIEDRICH EIOHHORN,

ADMINISTRATO OF OBERNDOBF-ON-THE-NECKAR, GERMANY, BY

B, O]? OBERNDORF-ON-THENECKAR, GER- MANY, ASSIGNOR '10 WAFFENFABRIK MAUSER AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, OF OBERN- DORF-ON-IHE-NECKAR, GERMANY, A CORPORATION OF GERMANY.

ROTATABLE-LUG-BOLT FIREARM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

memes.

' Patented Apr.25, 1916.

Application filed December 3, 1914. Serial No. 875,349.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that PAUL MAUSER, deceased, late a subject of the King of Wurttemberg, and residing at Oberndorf-on-the-Neckar, in the Kingdom of Wurttemberg, Germany, invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotatable-Lug-Bolt Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to fire arms and particularly to the construction of breech mechanism for hand loaders.

The breech bolt carrier, movable only in a straight line, is provided with a rotatable breech bolt the lugs of which, on the closing and opening of the breech, automatically screw in andout of the corresponding grooves of the barrel sleeve, the lugs being beveled for efiecting such automatic rotation. In combination with this breech bolt there is arranged a handle bar carried on the bolt carrier, a sort of pull-and-push rod, which through its forward movement eflects the rotation of the breech bolt, and locks the lugs in the grooves in the barrel sleeve. On the drawing back, on the other hand, if the breech is to be opened, the handle-bar again releases the lug and this brings the breech mechanism by the rotation of the breech bolt into the open position.

In the drawing there is shown such a breech mechanism in its main details in' 1 shows in a ver- 4. shows in a'vertical longitudinal section the bolt carrier slightly retracted and the bolt in unlocked position; Fig. 5 is a' correspondinghorizontal sectional view, and Fig.

6 a vertical cross-section along the line VL- VI of Fig. 4. Figs. 7 and 8 show in plan and in vertical longitudinal section the collective arrangement of the breech portions in the casing and with the breech closed. Fig. 9shows the bolt carrier alone with the handle rod taken 03, and Fig. 10 the handle rod in side elevation. Figs. 11 to 13 inelusive illustrate additional features of the invention; Fig. 11 illustrating a horizontal section through the bolt carrier k with the is displaceably held locking position.

breech bolt inserted therein; Fig. 12 showremoved, and Fig. 13 illustrating a cross sectlon along the line 70-70 of Fig. 11. Further features of the invention are illustrated in Figs. 14 to 17 inclusive; Fig. 14 illustrating in vertical longitudinal section the breech mechanism in the locked position: Fig. 15 illustrating in vertical longitudinal section the breech mechanism in opened position; Fig. 16 showing a vertical cross section along the line BB of Fig. 15, and Fig. 17 illustrating a plan of the breech mechanism in the locked position with the cover and locking spring removed. The breech mechanism consists of the easing 71.- carrying the barrel in its front portlon and closed at its rear portion preferably by a cover; of the bolt carrier is exeouting in its casing its linear closing and opening movements; of the breech bolt 71 rotatably seated in the bolt carrier is and carrying the locking lugs a" 2' and of the casing receiving the striking and firing dew viceinserted in the rear portion of the easing it, which casing for the firing device is connected with the bolt carrier 7i: by an intermediate sleeve m.

According to the invention there is arrangedlaterally on the bolt carrier lca displaceable strip or rod 0, which at time forms the-actuating and locking device for the breech bolt. For this purpose the strip or rod 0, provided with a handle (1, on the bolt carrier by interengaging-means, such as the tongue and undercut grooves 0', 0 (Figs. 9-and 10). rearward movement being limited by an inbreech bolt i is inserted in is freely rotatable therein, 71 i have such a pitch that on the linear displacement of the bolt carrier (for the purpose of opening and closing the breech) they automatically rotate in the corresponding grooves h of the barrel case.

ternal lug. The the bolt carrier, and its spiral lugs On closing the breech the handle strip 0 is pushed so far forward that the front'end thereof hits against the lug that is turned toward it, and thereby carries the breech bolt 21 together with the bolt carrier is forward until both parts come into the If the breech bolt 2' has the same a back, whereby in the first place the locking I fastened to the bolt carrier k by a pawl, ro-' bolt carrier, which 40 of the lug is relieved, and then on further backward movement the breech bolt 6 is, with its lugs, screwed out of the grooves of the barrel sleeve and the bolt carrier is brought into the open position.

For the sake of better locking it is advisable to bevel oil (with a bevel falling off inward) both the under edge of the lug to be supported and also the upper edge of the rod end a. .As to the locking members, it is advisable to bevel off backward the rear contact surfaces of the lugs and the corresponding abutting pieces in the barrel 5 eeve.

In the construction according to Figs. 7

and 8, the barrel sleeve carrying the locking grooves is constructed as a special portion which also contains the cartridge chamber, in which case the contact surfaces between the bolt of the lock casing and this special sleeve piece are maintained running out into the shape of a cone.

A further characteristic of the invention consists in the fact that the breech bolt 71 is tatably located on the lies flush with the outer surface of the bolt carrier h, when the breech bolt is inserted, and which projects outwardly with its rear end under the effect of a spring, when the breech bolt is missing. Thereby there is attained the result that on a setting up of the breech mechanism the lack of the breech bolt immediately becomes noticeable through the projecting forward of the pawl, and prevents the insertion of the breech mechanism into the breech casing. In the drawing, this portion of the invention is illustrated in Figs. 11 to 13. The breech bolt i is provided at the rear end with a ring groove i in which engages the front claw: like end Z of the holding pawlZ which is journaled on the bolt carrier is rotatable about the pin For the purpose of in'serting the lock bolt into the breech piece the flange at the rear of the groove 6 of the breech bolt, is (Fig. 13) through which the claw Z of the holding pawl can enter' the ring groove 71 of the breech bolt. As long as the breech bolt is not inserted in the bolt carrier the rear arm of the holding pawl is pressed outprovided with an opening 1" ward by means of a spring f, so that this arm of the holding pawl projects beyond the outer surface of. the bolt carrier 70. If on the other hand the breech bolt is inserted into the bolt carrier, then the rear arm of the pawl is held agalnst the pressure of the spring f by means of the claw Z resting at the bottom against the groove i in such manner that the outer surface of the holding awl lies flush with the outer surface of the olt carrier k (Fig. "11). The breech mechanism can therefore only be inserted into the casing when the breech bolt z is inserted into the bolt carrier, since otherwise the projecting end of the holding pawl hinders the insertion by hitting against the wall of the casing. Through this means there is avoided the circumstance that on setting up of the gun the breech bolt is forgotten, which in accordance with experience in weapons with removable breech bolts often occurs. holding pawl Z can also at the same time be employed for the coupling of the bolt carrier with a sleeve seated in the locking casing and receiving the firing pin, or with an intermediate sleeve connecting this first-mentioned sleeve with the bolt carrier, said intermediate sleeve being displaceable telescopically as regards both of them. For this purpose the rear arm of the holding pawl Z is also shaped as a claw Z which claw Z when the ,bolt carrier In engages with the pin m of the sleeve m (or the intermediate sleeve) serving to guide the bolt carrier in the groove kicooperates in such a way that the sleeve m is maintained fast in the bolt carrier is. The taking apart of the breech mechanism is brought about in such a way that in the first place the breech bolt 71 is turned into the position in which the claw Z of the holding pawl stands opposite the opening 5 on the breech bolt, whereupon the breech bolt can be drawn directly out of the bolt carrier 72. As soon as this has happened the rear claw Z of the holding pawl :under the effect of the spring 7 springs outwardly, and thereby releases the pin m of the sleeve m, which now also can be drawn out of the bolt carrier.

A further characteristic of the invention consists in the fact that in the sleeve con- The taining the firing pin and its spring, (the said sleeve having the shape of a casing and being firmly seated in the breech casing) there is arranged telescopically a sleeve, serving for guiding the firin ,pin, which on the opening and closing 0 the breech is shoved in and out by means of the bolt carrier. In the drawing, this part of the invention is set forth by 14 to 17. The firing pin 79 and its spring 8 are arranged in the sleeve-like casing 71. which latter by means of a wedge pin n is seated in the casing k in such way that, after removing the cover from the casing lb, it

way of example in Figs.

a on the closing of the breech it is carried along with the forward movement of the bolt carrier 70 by means of the claw Z of the pawl Z rotatably mounted on the bolt carrier, the said claw engaging behind a pin on the flange m of the intermediate sleeve on. When the breech mechanism is in the closed position (Fig. 14) the sleeve on is completely drawn out, so that when the firing pin is thrown forward the sleeve m canserve as a guide therefor, the firing pin p having two ribs p corresponding with the longitudinal grooves m of the sleeve m. On opening the breech the sleeve m at first remains in the drawn-out position, since the pin on the flange m slides in a longitudinal groove of the bolt carrier is until the rear surface of the breech bolt 2' hits against the front surface of the sleeve m, and, on further regression, the bolt carrier takes the sleeve m with it and pushes it into the easing a. By the arrangement of such intermediate sleeve the advantage is attained that the bolt carrier can be made shorter, and in spite of that there is a good guide assured for the firing pin.

The invention is applicable to automatic as well as semi-automatic, or non-automatic fire arms.

What is claimed is;

1. A breech mechanism for fire arms, comprising a rotary bolt having locking lugs thereon, a bolt carrier, and means for looking said bolt in position to close the breech,

said means comprising a hand-operated part adapted to be moved into position with relation to said locking lugs to lock said rotary bolt against rotation.

2. A breech mechanism for fire arms, comprising a rotary bolt having locking lugs thereon, a bolt carrier,'and means for looking said bolt in position to close the breech, said means comprising a hand-operated part slidably mounted on said bolt carrier and adaptedto be moved into position with relation to said locking lugs to lock said rotary bolt against rotation.

3. A breech mechanism for fire arms, com-- prising a casing having inclined grooves, a rotary bolt having locking lugs thereon, a bolt carrier, and means for locking said bolt in position to close the breech, said means comprising a hand-operated part adapted to B be moved into position with relation to said 'tiguous to t locking lugs to lock said bolt against rotation in said grooves, the incline of said grooves being such that said bolt may turntherein when the lugs thereon pass along said grooves.

4. A breech mechanism for fire arms, comprising a rotary bolt having locking lugs thereon, a bolt carrier, and means for connecting said bolt to said bolt carrier, said means comprising a pawl on said bolt carrier adapted to engage'said bolt.

5. A breech mechanism for fire arms, comprising a rotary bolt having locking lugs thereon, a bolt carrier, and means for connecting said bolt to said bolt carrier, said means comprising a pawl on said bolt carrier adapted to engage said bolt, said pawl being adapted to occupy a position which interferes with the proper action of said bolt carrier in the gun, said rotary breech bolt, when in position, preventing said pawl .from occupying said interfering position.

7. A breech mechanism for fire arms,-

a rotary bolt, a bolt carrier, and a telescopic sleeve between said bolt carrier and casing, and a pawl on said bolt carrier adapted to connect said bolt and said sleeve to said bolt carrier. 1

8. A breech mechanism for fire arms, comprising a casing, a pin, and a telescopic sleeve between said breech piece and casing, said sleeve acting as a guide for said firing pin. p

9. A breech mechanism for firearms, comprising a casing, a breech piece, a firing pin, and a telescopic sleeve between said breech piece and said casing, said telescopic sleeve comprising a lurality of parts, telescoping on one anot er, and on.the breech piece, said art of the telescopic sleeve cone breechpiece acting as a guide for the firing pin. 1

10. A breech mec comprising a casing, pin, and a telescopic comprising a casing,

a breech piece, a firing sleeve .between said the combination of a anism for fire arms,

a use 15 ing part therein adapted to push said rotatable breech bolt having locking rotatable breech thereon, and a sliding part adapted to push saidlugs into said grooves, and to lock said bolt in looking position.

12. In a fire arm, the combination of a casing having inclined grooves therein, a rotatable breech bolt having lockin lugs thereon, and a sliding part having a handle thereon adapted to push said lugs into said grooves, and to lock said bolt in locking position.

' 13. In a fire arm, the combination of a thereon, a breech chamber having beveled shoulders therein, a bolt carrier and a slidbreech bolt against said beveled shoulders so that the lockin lugs rotate into locking position, and to urther move behind said locking lugs and lock the bolt in locking position.

14. In a fire arm, the combination of a breech bolt comprising a rotatable and a non-rotatable ing locking lugs thereon, and a part carried by said non-rotatable part adapted to push against said rotatable part for advancing and rotating the same, and to move behind a lug when the rotatable part has been robolt having locking lugs lugs part, said rotatable part havtated into locking position for locking the 2 same in such locking position. v

15. In a fire arm,the combination of a breech bolt comprising a rotatable and a non-rotatable part, and means for connecting said parts together, said means comprising a pawl, said pawl being displaceable by said rotatable part of the breech bolt, said pawl, when not displaced by said rotatable part of the breech bolt, preventing insertion of the breech bolt in the firearm.

16. In a fire arm, the combination of a breech bolt comprising a rotatable and a non-rotatable part, a sleeveand means for connecting said rotatable part of the breech bolt and said sleeve to said non-rotatable part, said means beingdisplaceable by said rotatable part, said means in displaced position connecting said sleeve. and nonrotatable part. 4

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

- FRIEDRICH EICHHORN, Administrator of the Estate of Paul Mauser,

deceased.

Witnesses:

ERNEST ENTENMANN, FRIDA KLAIBER. 

